Ncov duab puv tsom iav feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv science thiab geology txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txiv ntoo raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv tshiab raws li cov yam ntxwv tshiab. Hauv biology, polarizing microscope feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas lossis cov duab muaju, lossis cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv cov phab ntsa cell.
Birefringence yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom lub ntsej muag ua kom zoo.
Cov khoom siv birefringent muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm kev faib ib qho nqaj ntawm lub teeb ua ob kab teeb sib txawv los ntawm kev ua kom zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv birefling muaj xws cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov qauv txheej txheem molecular, xws li cov calcite lossis boron nitride muaju. Cov tshuaj lom roj ntsha (xws li cellulose lossis hmoov txhuv nplej siab) kuj yog biregringent. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm birefringence thiab linearly polarized lub teeb tau siv rau lub tsom iav txawv, uas tuaj yeem paub qhov cuam tshuam rau lub teeb, xws li halo thiab cov txheej txheem linescence.
- Txheej txheem thiab nqaj kab ntawm polarizing microscope
Kev saib xyuas lub tsom iav kho qhov muag tau muaj tsawg kawg yog ob qho kev sib txawv ntxiv kom paub txog kev pom zoo ua lub teeb tsom iav. Txhawm rau ntes Blasefringence, linearly polarized lub teeb yuav tsum siv rau illumination. Yog li ntawd, ob lub cev polarizing yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv kab ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas hneev ntawm lub tsom iav. Polarized lub teeb yog tsim los ntawm tus polarizer kom taws cov qauv, thiab thib ob polarizing lim (hu ua analyzer) txwv lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Polarignation Lim yuav tsum yog ntawm kaum ntawm 90 rau txhua tus kom ua tiav qhov thiaj li hu ua "txhua txoj haujlwm-dub". Thaum lub lim polarization tau teeb tsa ntawm txoj haujlwm no, tsis muaj lub teeb yuav nkag mus rau lub koob yees duab lossis lub ntsej muag, thiab cov duab yuav tsaus ntuj. Teem nws rau "txhua tus dub" yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm polarizing tsom iav, vim tias tsuas yog lub teeb uas nws lub dav hlau pauv vim tus qauv pom.
Daim duab 1: Cov ntsiab cai ntawm Polarization lub tsom iav: Kev tsis pom zoo ntawm polarizer los ntawm Polarizer 1, tom qab dhau los ntawm Polarizer 1, lub teeb tau tsom mus rau tus qauv los ntawm condenser. Yog tias cov qauv yog Birefringent lossis muaj tus qauv birarringent ntawm qee cov duab hluav taws xob ntawm ib co hluav taws xob yuav distorted los ntawm txoj kab liab hauv lub kos duab). Daim duab ntawm cov qauv yog nthuav dav los ntawm lub hom phiaj lens thiab ntaus tus qauv " Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog hloov cov qauv ntawm polarized lub teeb tau nws pom tau.
- Polarizer thiab Kws Luam Ntawv
Thaum lub teeb hla dhau ntawm thawj polarizing lim, linearly polarized lub teeb yog tsim. Yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj lub dav hlau uas muaj tseeb, nws yuav siv lub teeb liab, thiab lub dav hlau polarization Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog birefring cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem tawm cov duab hauv polarization tsom.
Daim duab 2: Lub teeb emitted los ntawm lub hnub ci lossis lub teeb ci tsis yog, uas yog, electromagnetic vuam yuav oscillate hauv txhua qhov kev qhia. Yog tias tsis muaj lub teeb uas tsis pom zoo los ntawm kev hla dhau ntawm Polarizer 1, nws yuav tsim lub teeb ci ntsa iab Polarization, hauv qhov ua piv txwv, ntsug polarized teeb. Yog tias qhov teeb liab no yog irradiated ntawm tus polarizer 2, thiab tus polarizer 2 tig los ntawm 90 degrees, tsis muaj lub teeb hla mus. Yog li no, ob lub polarizers no nyob rau hauv qhov thiaj li hu ua "txoj hauj lwm tsaus ntuj", vim tias lub teeb tsis tuaj yeem pom dua tom qab dhau los ntawm tus lej thib ob.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov polarization axis ntawm cov khoom siv birasring Yog li no, ntau daim ntawv loj polarizopes tau nruab nrog cov platforms sib hloov kom ntseeg tau tias lub dav hlau polarization yooj yim nrog rau lub dav hlau polarization ntawm thawj polarizing lim. Ntau yam khoom siv tau tuaj yeem siv rau daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb ntawm polarizing tsom iav.
Bertrand lens tuaj yeem siv rau conically soj ntsuam cov qauv siv lead ua kom zoo tsom rau qhov rov qab ntawm lub hom phiaj lens. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov paib lossis cov roj ntsha tuaj yeem siv rau kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv birefringatent.
